RELIABILITY OF INTERNATIONAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE – SHORT FORM IPAQ-SF FOR YOUNG ADULTS IN INDIA

Introduction: Amongst the various challenges India is facing as a developing country, one such grave challenge is the public health and nutritional transition. Non communicable disorders with serious health problems are taking its grip all over the world in terms of mortality, morbidity, disability and socio-economic losses. Physical activity has proved to either eliminate the risk or deter the chances of developing such grave conditions in the elite individuals who represent the future society. Thus, a consensus on valid and reliable tool for measuring physical activity internationally on the same platform is required. Methodology: 250 young adults who consented for the study, were of the Age between 18-25 years and those who could understand English language were distributed the questionnaires in Delhi with a 80% response rate. In addition to the normal IPAQ-SF questions, demographic data on Height weight was also collected. The IPAQ-SF was made to be filled on the basis of 7 days recall of physical activity and a repeat questionnaire was made to be filled by the same subjects after 7 days. Result & Discussion: Among the 200 young adults (males and females) in this study, the highest average MET expenditure is of 18 years old subjects. In the age range 18-21 most of the people are having score 3 in all age groups which shows that they are physically active in their lifestyle. Also, the Age wise average sitting time distribution shows the highest average sitting time is of 18 years old subjects. The test-retest reliability of MET mint/week before and after 7 days was evaluated using interclass correlation coefficient. ICC value is 0.638 hence the test is significant at -0.19 - 0.921 confidence intervals. Thus, the test is reliable. The Bland Altman plots showed limits of agreement between the PRE and 7 DAYS POST MET mint/week, range from -552.3777 to 696.6326 METS. 95% values of the 7 DAYS POST MET were within the upper and lower limits of agreement. The test-retest reliability of MET score, before and after 7 days is evaluated using interclass correlation coefficient. ICC value is 0.725 hence the test is significant at -0.19 - 0.923 confidence intervals. The test-retest reliability of sitting time before and after 7 days is evaluated using interclass correlation coefficient. ICC value is 0.5199 hence the test is significant at -0.199 - 0.7596 confidence intervals. Conclusions: The IPAQ-SF proved to be a reliable tool to measure physical activity level and may be used as a tool in health promotion programs.  Article visualizations

Structural and optical properties of CsI thin films: Influence of film thickness and humidity

Structural and optical studies have been performed on the thermally-evaporated "as-deposited" and "humid air aged" CsI thin films. The structural analysis for both "as-deposited" and "humid air aged" films shows a well-oriented peaks position of (110) and (220) lattice planes with a compressive stress in the films. The crystal quality has been investigated through the structural parameters. The increase in peak intensity as well as sharpness with film thickness implies the improvement of crystallinity. The optical absorbance of CsI films has been analyzed in the wavelength range of 190 nm - 900 nm in order to estimate the band gap energy of the films. Slater's model has also been used to explain the degradation of band gap energy with the increase in crystallite size.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physica B: Condensed Matter Journa

Correlation between vitamin D and lipid profile in patients with ischemic stroke

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D level and lipid profile in ischemic stroke patients.Methods: 217 patients with ischemic stroke were selected for analysis between ages 45 and 80 years admitted at our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015. Measurement of serum vitamin-D concentration was made by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Confounding variables like diabetes, hypertension, smoking, alcohol, tobacco, BMI, CRP, S. uric acid, duration of sunlight exposure, prior history of drug intake or fracture and S. calcium were considered. 200 age and sex matched controls were taken. The source of data was questionnaires and multiple linear regression analysis and correlation analysis were used.Results: A positive correlation was seen between vitamin D and serum cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, triglycerides, cholesterol/HDL ratio and LDL/HDL ratio but inverse correlation between vitamin D and HDL.Conclusions: In ischemic stroke patients increase in vitamin D is associated with increase in atherogenic lipids

Effect of anti-epileptic drugs on cognitive functions: a prospective study in individuals with newly diagnosed complex partial seizure and generalized tonic clonic seizure

Background: Epilepsy, the third most common neurologic disorder, deteriorates cognitive functions of the patients. Approximately 1% of the world’s population is suffering from epilepsy. Opinions regarding impact of anti-epileptic drugs on cognition are divided. So, this study was designed to assess the impact of anti-epileptic drugs on cognitive performance of patients with complex partial seizure and generalized tonic clonic seizure in Department of Medicine, at Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India.Methods: In present study, cognitive functions were assessed in 50 patients of newly diagnosed complex partial seizure and generalized tonic clonic seizure coming to the Department of Medicine, Surat. The cognitive functions were evaluated by Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE)-III, which assessed memory, attention, fluency, language and visuo-spatial abilities. Follow-up was done after six months of baseline.Results: Baseline and Follow-up data from 50 patients were analysed. Patient treated with anti-epileptic drugs showed significant improvement in memory, attention, language and visuo-spatial abilities whereas improvement in fluency was not significant. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test were used to analyse the data. For statistical analysis of data SPSS 19.0 software was used.Conclusions: The available data indicate that the anti-epileptic drugs on short-term administration do not adversely affect cognitive function in patients with newly diagnosed CPS and GTCS. Importantly, the data suggest that the effects exerted by AEDs could depend on factors linked to patient characteristics and individual susceptibility and to comment on those factors further studies are needed

Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking and antibacterial activities of Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)- 3-oxopropanamideZinc (II) complex

50-58The title Zn (II) complex was synthesized by reacting the compound Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene}hydrazinyl]-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-oxo propanamide with Zn (II) chloride dihydrate in alkaline dimethylsulphoxide and ethanol solution under reflexing condition for 8 h. The resultant compound was filtered and recrystallized from ethanol. The hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRD, TEM and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activities of ligand and its Zn complex were examined using disc diffusion method. The spectra results showed that the hydrazone ligand undergoes keto-enoltautomerism forming a bidentated ligand (N,N) towards Zn+2 (II) ion. It is very interesting that on sides of the two hydrazone ligands which coordinate to the Zn+2 ions, an additional two thiosemicarbazine moiety were also coordinated with Zn+2 ions in the crystalline powder, resulting in a hexa coordinated octahedral Zn (II) complex. Both hydrazone Schiff base ligand and its Zn (II) complex were found to exhibit good antibacterial activity even when the concentrations were high. Molecular docking analysis also deciphered that Zinc complex and carbohydrazone ligand both were found to be fitted into the active sites of molecular targets and Zn complex showed better binding affinities towards macromolecules compared to ligand

THERAPIES OVER MEDICATION: COMPARING THE EFFECT OF TENS AND CUPPING THERAPY TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE IN FEMALE COLLEGE GOING STUDENTS

Introduction: Education is about teaching, learning skills and knowledge. And if we talk about college and universities, they have different kind of furniture which is not fit for all students few and very short and very long for that so, everyone cannot fit in same. The leading technologies lead to impact on student’s posture and posture impairment causes impact on the back and that result in pain. And pain causes, impact on performance. That pain and their effects on student’s performance related to back activity. Performance is the completion of a task with application of knowledge, skills and abilities. Methodology: Study was observational; a total number of sixty samples was selected from Noida and G. Noida. Simple random sampling was used, upon evaluation the inclusion criteria were (1). Female students (2).Age: 18to 25yrs (3). BMI: 19.5 - 24.9 kg/m2. (4) Sitting duration 4hrs/day (5). Chronic back pain for three months. Exclusion criteria were (1). Low and high BP (2). Any pathological condition. (3). Neurological deficits (4). Menstrual irregularities. After that, all subjects were randomly assigned to one of the four groups. Group 1 has given the Tens and Group 2 has given the Cupping therapy. Both the groups have further divided according to the treatment duration 5min and 10min. Treatment description: Tens and Cupping were performed for all the groups the electrodes and cups were placed over the area of most severe pain. The treatment was administered for the specific duration of each group. Result & Conclusion: In our study, we have found that the cupping therapy is equally effective as compared to Tens when the treatment were given for 5min Tens comes out more effective and Cupping is more effective when the therapy time duration is 10min. So, Cupping therapy can be used as an alternative method of back pain therapy depends upon the situation.  Article visualizations

CLINICAL STUDY ON MEDOROGA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VISESHA BY YAVAMALAKA CHURNA

The present era termed as age of Machines and Materialism has led to global economic advancement and affluence brought a drastic change in the life styles and living environment. Change in food habits, sedentary work, stressful environment etc. are the gifts of Industrialization to mankind. One side of life is happy with reduced physical activity and fat rich tasty food but the other side is showing affliction to chronic lifestyle disorders like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, ischemic heart disease, cerebro-vascular accidents, atherosclerosis, varicose veins etc. These diseases have been recognized as the leading killers of the millennium. Obesity is traced to be a major risk factor for these diseases. This study includes evaluate the applicability of concept of Visesha in Medoroga and clinical study on management of Medoroga by using Yavamalaka churna with special reference of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prasham karanam iti. Considering the above problem this study was planned the concept of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prasham karanam iti in the management of Medoroga with Yavamalaka churna because Medo dhatu is snigdha and guru in nature while Yava (Hordeum vulgarae) is Ruksha and Aguruand Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) also Ruksha in nature. The Amalaki has Tridoshahara properties especially Medohara. So these two drugs have opposite properties to medo dhatu. Hence due to the concept of Prakopana viparyayo hi dhatunam prashama karanam iti, yava and Amalaki cause the Hrasa of Medo dhatu

THERAPIES OVER MEDICATION: COMPARING THE EFFECT OF TENS AND CUPPING THERAPY TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE IN FEMALE COLLEGE GOING STUDENTS

Introduction: Education is about teaching, learning skills and knowledge. And if we talk about college and universities, they have different kind of furniture which is not fit for all students few and very short and very long for that so, everyone cannot fit in same. The leading technologies lead to impact on student’s posture and posture impairment causes impact on the back and that result in pain. And pain causes, impact on performance. That pain and their effects on student’s performance related to back activity. Performance is the completion of a task with application of knowledge, skills and abilities. Methodology: Study was observational; a total number of sixty samples was selected from Noida and G. Noida. Simple random sampling was used, upon evaluation the inclusion criteria were (1). Female students (2).Age: 18to 25yrs (3). BMI: 19.5 - 24.9 kg/m2. (4) Sitting duration 4hrs/day (5). Chronic back pain for three months. Exclusion criteria were (1). Low and high BP (2). Any pathological condition. (3). Neurological deficits (4). Menstrual irregularities. After that, all subjects were randomly assigned to one of the four groups. Group 1 has given the Tens and Group 2 has given the Cupping therapy. Both the groups have further divided according to the treatment duration 5min and 10min. Treatment description: Tens and Cupping were performed for all the groups the electrodes and cups were placed over the area of most severe pain. The treatment was administered for the specific duration of each group. Result & Conclusion: In our study, we have found that the cupping therapy is equally effective as compared to Tens when the treatment were given for 5min Tens comes out more effective and Cupping is more effective when the therapy time duration is 10min. So, Cupping therapy can be used as an alternative method of back pain therapy depends upon the situation

Effect of metal ions on amylase production

Amylase producing fungi were isolated from different soil samples. About 11 fungal isolates were isolated which were screened for Amylase production on starch agar medium using iodine test. Of the 11 isolates, three isolates showed clear zones and the isolate showing maximum clearance zone was selected for further studies. Identification of isolate showed that it belonged to Genus Aspergillus. The effect of different metal ions on the production and activity of Amylase was studied. Five different ions were used for the study. Starch agar medium was prepared with different metal ions and inoculated with the culture and incubated. It was seen that maximum mycelial growth was observed with MgSO4 followed by KNO3 but very less or negligible growth was seen when grown with CaCO3. Therefore, Mg ions were considered to be the best ion for optimum growth of the fungus and thus considered the best inducer for Amylase production as maximum enzyme activity was observed with Mg ions but Ca and Cu ions showed less activity and therefore might be showing inhibitory effect on Amylase production

MINIMIZING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF WORK ENVIRONMENT IN UPPER LIMB: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction: Occupational problems are highly prevalent and act as impediments to effective labor. As per the statistics by WHO, in the year 2003, it was seen that back injuries shared the highest proportion in occupational disorders (60%), followed by neck and upper limb. Body: In the upper limb, any joint, be it the shoulder, elbow, wrist or hand, can be affected. Variable structures ranging from the tendon, ligament, nerve or muscle can be involved leading to problems effectuating in the form of pain, tenderness, swelling, and functional deficits. Common problems seen are carpal tunnel syndrome, muscle sprain-strain, and osteoarthritis in joints, etc. Management: ULMSDS can be prevented by incorporating activity in daily life awhile also keeping a check on posture. At workplace, architectural adjustments and changes in physical and social environment can help prevention exacerbation of upper limb conditions. Regular rest intervals can also be included to avoid prolonged fixation of joints in one position. Conclusion: This paper focuses on ULMSDS in an attempt to improve the quality of life through various intervention strategies within the work organization thus enhancing work quality and output of the companies. Article visualizations